Tem a ver com reformas, política, comunicação social... - recomenda-se a leitura

• Ler em Open Left:: Tempest In A Teapot--The "Contrarian" Pose & Versailles Conformity: 

" [...] Shawn Rosenberg's three-fold typology of adult reasoning:

1. Sequential thinkers reason "by tracking the world," recognize regularities in sequences of events, but have no abstract understanding of cause and effect. The world they perceive is a world of appearances that has very little organization to it beyond the recurrence of sequences. 
2. Linear thinkers understand cause and effect, limited to a one-direction, one-cause/one-effect model. The world they perceive has logical order and structure, but the structure is invariably hierarchical, causality flows top-down, and the world is divided neatly into cause and effect. 
3. Systematic thinkers understand multi-faceted, multi-linear cause and effect, with mutual cause-and-effect relationships between different elements. The world they perceive is primarily a world of systems and relationships, rather than objects. The world that systemic thinkers perceive is a much more realistic picture of the world we live in than that of either sequential or linear thinkers. Mutual cause and effect means that everything effected can also be a cause in return. Multi-faceted means that one cause can have many different effects. Multi-linear means that there can be multiple chains of causation interacting with one another. Put them all together and it's virtually inevitable that anything you do will have both good and bad effects. But that hardly means they have to be equal to one another, and therefore you'd be better off doing nothing. 

Yet, that has generally been the conservative conclusion. The world as it is cannot be improved on--or at least not very much. That is the traditional conservative position. The world is conceived of as a vast organismic whole too complex and mysterious for us go mucking about with.[...]"

• Ler, também, em Contrarianism generally lines up with the "perversity" [...] 

[de acordo com] "Albert Hirschman's typology "The Rhetoric of Reaction: Perversity, Futility, Jeopardy": Here's the thing: as history progresses, things change. And societies try to adapt to those changes.

Experts come up with solutions to the problems the societies face. Those solutions often entail discomfiting established interest groups. And the solutions the experts come up with almost always entail some degree of perverse counterreaction, some kinds of problems or inefficiencies or whatever. It can be very interesting to focus on those counterreactions; it can generate fascinating, eye-grabbing journalism.

But in the overwhelming majority of cases, the counterreactions aren't as big as the first-order effects of the solutions. The minimum wage may price a few people out of the labour market, but it mostly raises low-income people's wages. Raising marginal income taxes does slightly lower rich people's incentives to generate income, but it mostly raises government revenue. In other words, the little contrarian thing is almost never anywhere near as important as the big first-order thing it rides on. And as journalism has come increasingly to focus on contrarianism, it has become less and less adept at actually describing the world".